From: The human microbiome and its link in prostate cancer risk and pathogenesis
Study | Samples | Findings |
---|---|---|
Cohen R et al. 2005 [33] | 34 Prostate tissues cultured from men after undergoing radical prostatectomy | Propionibacterium acnes spp was the most predominant bacteria and significant prostate tissue inflammation was observed |
Sfanos KS et al., 2008 [34] | Prostatectomy tissues from 30 men with Prostate cancer underwent 16S rDNA sequencing | 83 distinct microorganisms spp. identified. There was no significant association between the presence of particular species of bacteria and histologic evidence of acute or chronic inflammation. |
Yow MA et al. 2017 [35] | 16S rDNA sequencing on 20 snap-frozen prostate tissue cores from ten “aggressive” prostate cancer cases | Enterobacteriacae member species were found common to all samples and P. acnes in 95% of analyzed samples. |
Cavarretta I et al., 2017 [36] | Performed 16S rDNA microbiome sequencing of tumor, peri-tumor, and non-tumor tissues upon radical prostatectomy. | Propionibacterium spp was the most predominant bacterial genus found in all regions of the tumor. Staphylococcus spp was the more abundant in tumor and peri-tumor areas as compared to normal tissue areas. |
Feng Y et al., 2019 [37] | Metagenomics and meta-transcriptomic analysis to identify microbiota in frozen radical prostate specimens from tumor and adjacent benign tissue from 65 Chinese patients | 40 unique bacterial genera were identified. Pseudomonas, Escherichia, Acinetobacter, and Propionibacterium spp were the most abundant spp. respectively. |
Banerjee S et al.,2019 [38] | Microarray metagenomics analysis of formalin-fixed tissue from 50 prostate cancer patients and 15 patients with BPH | The most predominant bacteria belonged to the following phyla; Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes respectively. Among the viruses isolated, 41% were known tumorigenic viruses, including high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV 16&18), and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) |
Miyake M et al., 2019 [39] | 45 prostate cancer and 33 BPH tissue specimens were screened for sexually transmitted infectious agents using PCR | Mycoplasma genitalium was the only organism independently associated with prostate cancer and with high Gleason scores |
Shrestha E et al. 2018 [44] | Assessed the urinary microbiome of 135 men undergoing prostate needle biopsy | Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus species were the most predominant in both positive and negative biopsy cases. No species was significantly associated with prostate cancer. |
Yu H et al. 2015 [45] | 16S rRNA sequencing done on urine, seminal fluid, and expressed prostatic fluids (EPS) from men with BPH and Prostate cancer | Bacteroidetes, Alphaproteobacteria, Firmicutes bacteria, Lachnospiraceae, Propionicimonas, Sphingomonas spp. were significantly associated with Prostate cancer |
Alanee S et al. 2018 [46] | Assessed the urinary and gut microbiota of 30 men undergoing trans-rectal prostate biopsy | A high abundance of Veillonella, Streptococcus, and Bacteroides spp. was found in Prostate cancer patients. No spp. was significantly associated with prostate cancer. |
Liss MA et al. 2018 [57] | Assessed gut microbiota among 133 men undergoing trans-rectal prostate biopsy | There was significant differences in the microbial composition of the cancer and non-cancerous patients and non-significantly associated with Prostate cancer. |
Golombos DM et al. 2018 [49] | Evaluated the gut microbiome of 20 men with BPH and prostate cancer | A high abundance of Bacteroides massiliensis in prostate cancer cases compared to BPH cases was found |
Sfanos KS et al. 2018 [34] | Assessed microbiota of 30 healthy men and 30 men with localized, recurrent, and metastatic prostate cancer using 16S rDNA sequencing | There was a greater alpha diversity in the normal men compared to men with prostate cancer |