Esophageal (N = 62) | Healthy control (N = 56) | Pearson Chi2 p-value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | ||
Sex | |||||
Male | 29 | 47% | 28 | 50% | 0.73 |
Female | 33 | 53% | 28 | 50% | |
Age at recruitment (years) | |||||
< 40 | 6 | 10% | 6 | 11% | 0.67 |
40–49 | 10 | 16% | 11 | 20% | |
50–59 | 18 | 29% | 20 | 36% | |
60+ | 28 | 45% | 19 | 34% | |
Ethnicity | |||||
Oromo | 31 | 50% | 24 | 43% | 0.39 |
Amhara | 8 | 13% | 15 | 27% | |
Gurage | 7 | 11% | 5 | 9% | |
Somali | 6 | 10% | 3 | 5% | |
Other | 10 | 16% | 9 | 16% | |
Region of residence | |||||
Oromia | 38 | 61% | 32 | 57% | 0.90 |
South Ethiopia (SNNP) | 13 | 21% | 13 | 23% | |
Other | 11 | 18% | 11 | 20% | |
Education | |||||
None | 14 | 23% | 42 | 75% | < 0.01 |
Any schooling | 48 | 77% | 13 | 23% | |
Missing | . | . | 1 | 2% | |
Religion | |||||
Christian | 24 | 39% | 38 | 68% | < 0.01 |
Other | 38 | 61% | 18 | 32% | |
Alcohol use | |||||
Never alcohol drinker | 42 | 68% | 31 | 55% | 0.16 |
Former alcohol drinker | 15 | 24% | 14 | 25% | |
Current alcohol drinker | 5 | 8% | 11 | 20% | |
Tobacco use | |||||
Never tobacco user | 42 | 68% | 47 | 84% | 0.03 |
Former tobacco user | 11 | 18% | 8 | 14% | |
Current tobacco user | 9 | 15% | 1 | 2% | |
Center of enrolment | |||||
Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital | . | . | 56 | 100% | |
Mexico Higher Clinic | 40 | 65% | . | . | |
Adera Higher Clinic | 22 | 35% | . | . | |
Location of tumor | |||||
. | . | . | 56 | 100% | |
Upper third of esophagus | 4 | 6% | . | . | |
Middle third of esophagus | 19 | 31% | . | . | |
Lower third of esophagus | 21 | 34% | . | . | |
Esophagus, unspecified | 7 | 11% | . | . | |
Junction | 11 | 18% | . | . | |
Histology | |||||
. | . | . | 56 | 100% | |
Squamous cell carcinoma | 46 | 74% | . | . | |
Adenocarcinoma | 11 | 18% | . | . | |
Mixed | 3 | 5% | . | . | |
Other | 2 | 3% | . | . |